Summary Summary Summary second or Heaven of Mercury. Active for the good spirits, Justinian, Romeo
active spirits for the good, religiously intended, but also to achieve fame and honor are those that appear in the sky of Mercury between their apparent position as a leading player in the round Justinian which speaks of the role and validity of the Empire as an institution built by God for the earthly happiness of men. Is the symbol of the Emperor Justinian, who through his political action with the establishment of laws, with the observance of religious principles in the history of each implementing days to the providential plan of the Godhead. But the figure chosen by Dante to make the highest praise the historical-religious empire of the tasks does not seem to us, as it seemed to him, particularly emblematic: the Byzantine emperor was not without serious limitations was extremely important as a supporter of 'unity of the empire. The answer is not to find in a historically innervated and reasoned discourse, but in the passion of Dante - sometimes mythicized - in his daily polemics against the society of his time, civil and religious, in its severe condemnation of the disorder which the powerful abandoned the 'humanity. In earthly history, and the one closest to the interests of poet must seek the reasons for the choice of the afterlife of the characters and their actions. If the world of the living by injustice and disorder, the answer must be found in the re-establishment of political authority, a scheme (the Empire) to guarantee peace and order with the law '(Justinian, and was promulgator mockery of what the code on which the medieval society modeled its code). Justinian is, therefore, the symbol of the laws involved in creating and maintaining the human community: it should operate according to the poet, the emperor who always aims to bring security and measures to Western society. Asked later if he saw Dante in only Byzantine emperor Justinian and not Roman, was conscious when the end of the Roman Empire, the answer is negative: the empire created by the will of Providence in Rome is not going to end up if not with The Last Judgement: the same duration and parallel tasks to the Church. The Empire will perform the task of guiding the society even though it will always know the dark days of his mitigation action for the wickedness of man. The imperial line that begins with Caesar and continuing with Justinian, with Charlemagne, with Henry VII is the thread of the story. Assimilating back Dante and the Roman Empire is the empire Byzantine and medieval empire, that of Charlemagne and that of Frederick: there was never fracture or break for him. Justinian's speech in this framework is presented as an epic vision of human history, which is constant and daily transcript of the divine will. It is rightly said that the whole story in every event 'Dante is sacred history, the plane in which the gods set his plans to bring men to the gods and make the company a first, imperfect image of the "heavenly society, in which that finds its earthly-fulfillment and complete. Because the company carries out the program of the earthly deities, requires the concerted action of the Church and Empire. Discord emerge from their corruption of the Church and the crushing unit imperial, now opposed by the Guelph faction hours enslaved by the Ghibellines. And a consequence of this contention are men like Romeo and Villanova as Dante, who thirst for justice, honest, disinterested, and therefore marginalized from society, placed between those who beg to survive.
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